Control Systems and Computers

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/usim.2018.01.037

Upr. sist. maš., 2018, Issue 1 (273), pp. 37-48.

UDC 004.9:004.75

Lisetskyi Yuriy M., Dr. of Eng. Sci., DP «S&T UKRAINE», General Director. 03680, Kiev, Ukraine 44, Prospekt Akademika Palladina Iurii.Lysetskyi@snt.ua

Organizational and Methodological Foundations of Building Enterprise Information Systems

Introduction. Work with systems includes two areas which study and build the system. This is also relevant to information systems (IS) which are important for effective operation of a modern enterprise. This is why choosing the right approach as well as the competence in organizational and methodological foundations of building IS are essential factors of their successful creation.

Approaches to information system design

Structural approach is based on using the organizational enterprise structure. It provides for decomposition of IS into automated functions. Certain types of models (diagrams) are used with this purpose such as SADT (Structured Analysis and Design Technique), DFD (Data Flow Diagrams), and ERD (Entity-RelationshipDiagrams). They form full description of IS when combined.

Functional approach is based on breaking down the problem area into separate functional parts which are automated as functional IS subsystems, task blocks and single tasks. Functional approach answers to the question «What to do?».

Process approach to IS design provides for studying and automation of enterprise business processes. The process approach answers to the question «How to do?» and leads to transition to Lean Production.

Object-oriented approach (OOA) provides for IS design as a complex of interacting objects belonging to a certain class where classes build the hierarchy. Basic OOA principles are: abstraction, encapsulation, modularity, typing, concurrency, persistence.

Enterprise information system life cycle models it is a structure defining the sequence of execution and interconnection of processes, actions and tasks during the life cycle. The life cycle is the model of implementation and usage of IS representing its states from design till decommission. The most widely spread models are waterfall, iterative and incremental development (IID), spiral.

Phases and stages of information system building are defined by respective standards and contain 8 basic stages, as a rule: the system requirements; concept development; technical specification; draft design; technical project; documentation; commissioning; maintenance.

Conclusion. As far as efficiency of any enterprise directly depends on IS which is built taking into account this aim, the choice of approach and usage of modern organizational and methodological foundations for their building is an important and urgent task.

Keywords: information system, enterprise, approach, structure, functions, processes, model, lifecycle, phases, stage.

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Received 20.01.2018